Cannabis and Pregnancy
Cannabis and Pregnancy
Cannabis is the most common illicit substance used during pregnancy in many countries. Research suggests potential associations with lower birth weight, preterm birth, and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in children exposed in utero. Because active cannabinoids cross the placenta and can be present in breastmilk, most clinical guidance advises avoiding cannabis during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Key points
- Exposure: THC crosses the placenta; cannabinoids are lipophilic and can accumulate in fetal tissues.
- Outcomes: Studies report associations with small for gestational age, preterm delivery and later cognitive/behavioural differences, though confounding (e.g., tobacco use, socioeconomic factors) complicates causal inference.
- Breastfeeding: Cannabinoids are present in breastmilk; avoid or discuss with a clinician.
Writing tips
- Be cautious portraying cannabis use in pregnancy. If a character uses cannabis while pregnant, show nuance: reasons for use (e.g., nausea), access to healthcare, and potential stigma.