Article
Fertility
Fertility is the natural ability to conceive and produce offspring. It is influenced by biological, environmental, social, and behavioral factors. Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse.
Factors Affecting Fertility
- Age, genetics, and health
- Hormonal balance
- Lifestyle (nutrition, stress, substance use)
- Environmental and occupational exposures
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Infertility and Treatments
Infertility affects both men and women. Treatments include medication, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as IVF, and surgery. Social and emotional support is important for those experiencing infertility.
Social Context
Fertility is shaped by cultural expectations, gender roles, and access to healthcare. In some societies, infertility can lead to stigma or discrimination.